Hypothyroidism is a common thyroid disorder affecting millions worldwide, as the symptoms are often overlooked. Understanding the term "Hypothyroidism"  is the condition when the thyroid gland cannot make enough thyroid hormones,  primarily thyroxine (T4),  to meet your body's needs. 

 

Approximately, 11% of Indians suffer from hypothyroidism. 

 

How does it initiate? 

The thyroid gland located in the front of the neck produces hormones that regulate metabolism, energy levels, and other essential bodily functions. Abnormal production of thyroid hormones often causes weight gain and fatigue-like symptoms. Hypothyroid is also referred to as an underactive thyroid. 

 

Mild symptoms of the thyroid leave unnoticed, making it challenging to diagnose. However, subclinical hypothyroidism can be cured if detected timely with some medications and lifestyle modifications. This blog will discuss the symptoms, causes, and how to control your mild hypothyroidism in the early stages.

Role of the Thyroid Gland

The thyroid hormones help to control the functioning of the heart and digestive system. Thyroid hormones influence the body's metabolism. It helps control how the body uses energy from food, the rate at which calories are burned, and the generation of heat. Abnormal production of thyroid hormone in the body may slow down the functioning. Hypothyroidism commonly affects people older than 60 and, most commonly, women. If you have been diagnosed with hypothyroidism, it is crucial to know the right treatment to cure this appropriately.

Signs and Symptoms of Mild Hypothyroidism

The effects of hypothyroidism might be different among people. The early symptoms may include weight gain and fatigue. Here are some most common signs and symptoms of subclinical hypothyroidism:

 

• Fatigue and weakness
• Weight gain
• Mild depression or mood changes
• constipation
• Dry and thin hair
• Impaired memory
• Decreased sweating
• Muscle weakness
• pain and stiffness in joints
• Increased sensitivity to cold
• Irregular or heavy menstrual periods

Subclinical Hypothyroidism Causes

Several factors can contribute to the cause of mild hypothyroidism, including:

 

• Autoimmune Thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis): This is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in mild cases. The condition occurs when the immune system of the body attacks and damages the thyroid gland mistakenly, further resulting in impairing hormone production.
• Iodine Deficiency: Inadequate intake of iodine, a vital mineral necessary for thyroid hormone production, can lead to mild hypothyroidism.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as lithium and amiodarone, can interfere with thyroid function and contribute to hypothyroidism.
• Postpartum Thyroiditis: Some women may experience mild hypothyroidism after giving birth due to temporary thyroid gland inflammation.

 

Who is at high risk of Hypothyroidism?

The studies and research reveal that hypothyroidism is more likely to develop in women compared to men. Moreover, people are more likely to develop hypothyroidism if they have a close family member with an autoimmune disease. Other risk factors include:

• Females
• Pregnant women
• People above 50+
• People having genetic thyroid disorders
• People having autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes
• People with exposure to radiation therapy.
• People with a deficiency of Iodine
• People on certain Medications

 

Tests and Screening for Mild Hypothyroidism

Thyroid function blood tests are the primary tools used to diagnose mild hypothyroidism. These blood tests measure the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) in the blood. Here are some thyroid tests you can take with OlivHealth: 

 

• Thyroid Profile Test
• Thyroid preventive care
• Thyroid Screening Panel
• Thyroid Profile Free Test

Hypothyroidism Treatment

If you are diagnosed with hypothyroidism, your doctor will prescribe certain medications to control your subclinical hypothyroidism (tsh levels). Levothyroxine is one of the commonly used drugs for the treatment and management of hypothyroidism. It is also called (LT4) equivalent natural thyroid hormones produced by the Thyroid gland. 

How to Control Hypothyroidism?

Managing hypothyroidism is important to maintain good health and body function. Here are a few tips to keep in mind to control your thyroid health:

 

• Eat a Balanced Diet: 

Include a variety of nutrient foods in your diet, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Ensure adequate intake of iodine-rich foods like iodized salt and dairy products like milk, yoghurt, cheese, eggs, seafood, and seaweed. 

 

• Limit Goitrogenic Foods:

 Some foods, like cruciferous vegetables (e.g., broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower), soy products, and millet, contain goitrogens, which can interfere with thyroid function. While these foods are healthy, it's best to consume them in moderation, especially if you have an iodine deficiency or thyroid issues.

 

• Add Selenium-Rich Foods: 

Selenium is vital for the production of thyroid hormones. Include selenium-rich foods like Brazil nuts, seafood, and whole grains.

 

• Stay Hydrated: 

Drinking plenty of water to stay hydrated allows your body to function optimally. So, irrespective of the seasons, you shall always maintain your hydration levels. 

 

• Manage Stress: 

Stress is one of the common reasons that impact thyroid function. So, it's important to keep your mind relaxed and practise relaxation techniques like meditation, and yoga. 

 

• Exercise Regularly:

Health experts suggest regular physical activity supports metabolism and can positively affect thyroid health. You should aim to include a mix of aerobic exercises and strength training for a better physique and well-being. 

 

• Get Enough Sleep:

It is essential to prioritize your sleep and focus on quality sleep to support hormone regulation and overall health.

 

• Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol: 

Addiction to smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can negatively impact thyroid health. It is recommended to quit smoking and reduce alcohol usage when you are planning to manage hypothyroidism.

 

• Regular Checkups: 

If you are experiencing the symptoms of Hypothyroidism, then you must consult with your doctor. Regular monitoring and checkups can help to be treated on time. 

 

Pregnancy and Hypothyroidism

During pregnancy, hormonal changes can impact thyroid function. Mild hypothyroidism during pregnancy is relatively common, affecting approximately 2-3% of pregnant women. A pregnant woman with mild hypothyroidism can have implications for her health and the well-being of the baby. However, regular monitoring of thyroid function throughout the pregnancy is crucial. Doctors check the thyroid function every 4-6 weeks during the first half of pregnancy and adjust the dosage as needed. Mild or subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy may resolve after childbirth.

Control Hypothyroidism Before it Becomes Severe.

People usually ignore the symptoms of mild hypothyroidism, but it may cause severe health conditions in the long term. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to prevent the condition from progressing and to improve the overall quality of life. If you suspect you have subclinical hypothyroidism or are experiencing any of the mentioned symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment. Get Thyroid blood tests from OlivHealth to measure thyroid hormone levels (TSH and T4) and confirm the diagnosis.  Understanding the importance of thyroid health can lead to a better quality of life and overall well-being.

 

Infographic: 

Harmful Effects of Hypothyroidism on Human Body

• Mood Swings
• Fatigue
• Weight Gain
• Hair Loss
• Menstrual Cycle Changes in Females
• Dry Skin & Brittle Nails
• Sore Muscles & Joints
• Goitre